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How to Find Material for Future Bonsai: A Beginner’s Guide
Bonsai, the art of miniaturizing trees, is one of the most demanding yet rewarding forms of gardening art. To create a bonsai, finding the right material is crucial— a tree that can potentially become a perfect bonsai in the future. This guide will discuss the most important methods of obtaining materials, introduce concepts such as Yamadori and pre-bonsai, and indicate which tree species are best for starting your bonsai journey. Additionally, we will cover climate considerations, style selection, necessary tools, and the patience required for this process.
What is Yamadori?
Bonsai Journey: Sourcing Trees - Yamadori and Prebonsai
One of the traditional ways of obtaining trees for bonsai creation is the Yamadori method. Originating from Japan, the birthplace of bonsai, it means "collecting trees from the mountains." Yamadori involves sourcing naturally growing, wild trees from natural habitats, such as mountains, forests, or rocky slopes.
Yamadori – Collecting Trees in Nature
Yamadori is not just about collecting any trees from the forest. It’s about finding trees that have struggled for years to survive in harsh conditions and have developed unique shapes that are impossible to achieve in controlled environments. Typically, these are trees growing in rock crevices, on slopes, or where access to water and nutrients is limited. Due to these harsh conditions, trees are forced to develop interesting forms, twisted trunks, thick bases, or naturally bent branches that are ideal for shaping into bonsai.
Ethics and Law Regarding Yamadori
While Yamadori sounds very appealing, it is not a method for everyone, especially beginners. It requires a significant amount of knowledge about trees, their biology, and the necessary technical skills. Moreover, it’s important to remember that in many countries, collecting trees from nature is legally regulated or even prohibited. To obtain a tree using the Yamadori method, one must obtain the appropriate permissions from the landowner and, in some cases, from local authorities. Without the necessary permits, Yamadori can be deemed illegal and harmful to the environment.
How to Choose Trees for Yamadori?
When selecting a tree through the Yamadori method, several key aspects should be considered:
- Thick trunk – The thicker and more varied the trunk, the better the bonsai material.
- Root system – The tree should have a well-developed compacted and healthy root system, enabling it to be transplanted and subsequently shaped.
- Interesting trunk shape – A naturally bent or twisted trunk is a significant asset.
- Appropriate tree species – Not every tree is suitable for shaping into bonsai, so it’s wise to source trees from species proven in this art.
The Importance of Climate and Local Conditions
An important factor when choosing trees for bonsai is the climate and local conditions. Not every tree thrives in a given climate, so it’s worth paying attention to which species naturally occur in your area and which will grow well under local weather conditions. For example, if you live in a cooler climate, trees such as pines, maples, or junipers may thrive better. In warmer regions, it’s worth considering tropical trees, such as ficus or olives.
Shopping at Garden Centers
For those who do not have the option to collect trees from nature, or for those just beginning their bonsai journey, garden centres offer an excellent alternative. There, you can find a wide selection of "material" that has the potential to become beautiful bonsai.
How to Choose Bonsai Material at a Garden Center?
Choosing a tree at a garden centre requires some knowledge to ensure that the selected specimen will thrive as a bonsai. Here are a few characteristics to pay attention to:
- Trunk thickness – Similar to Yamadori, a thick trunk is crucial for bonsai. Look for trees that have a strong, solid trunk, even if the rest of the tree looks unremarkable.
- Roots – Check if the tree has a well-developed root system. Healthy roots are the foundation for the tree's future health.
- Branches – The arrangement of branches should be symmetrical and have the potential for further shaping. Trees with evenly distributed branches are easier to shape.
- Tree health – Choose trees that appear healthy. Avoid trees with signs of disease, such as yellow leaves, spots, or other signs of infection.
- Appropriate species – Select tree species that perform well in bonsai form. Not every tree can be bonsai, so selecting the right material is key.
Pre bonsai – What is It?
Another term worth knowing is pre-bonsai. Pre-bonsai refers to a plant that is not yet a fully formed bonsai but already possesses certain features indicating its potential in this art. These materials often have appropriately shaped trunks, developed root systems, and a basic branch structure, but require further shaping and care to become true bonsai.
Pre-bonsai can be purchased at both garden centres and from bonsai specialists. They often represent a cheaper alternative to finished bonsai and are an excellent solution for beginners who want to shape their trees themselves.
Bonsai Clubs as a Source of Material
Another way to obtain bonsai material, particularly recommended for beginners, is to join a local bonsai club. In such clubs, meetings often take place where members share experiences, techniques, and sometimes even their trees. Many clubs also organize sales or exchanges of trees among members, allowing beginners to purchase or receive partially formed bonsai or pre-bonsai at an affordable price. In such environments, you can also count on valuable tips from more experienced bonsai enthusiasts.
Repotting trees from Garden Centers
Trees from garden centres often require repotting before you begin shaping them as bonsai. Remember that this process should be done carefully to avoid significantly damaging the roots. After repotting, the tree should be kept in the shade for some time to adapt to the new conditions.
Ideal Tree Species for Beginners’ Bonsai
Not all tree species are suitable for bonsai, and some require greater knowledge and experience in care. Here are a few species that are a good choice for those just starting their bonsai journey:
1. Ficus – Very hardy and easy to care for. It offers beautiful leaves and responds well to pruning.
2. Pine – Popular in bonsai, characterized by a strong, thick trunk and interesting branch structure.
3. Juniper – A coniferous species that withstands shaping well and provides interesting visual effects.
4. Maples – Japanese maples and other varieties can be excellent bonsai material, offering beautiful leaves and varied shapes.
5. Yew – A tree with a very flexible trunk that easily lends itself to shaping.
Space for Cultivation
Before deciding to obtain a sapling, consider where you will keep it. Depending on the chosen tree species, it may be necessary to provide appropriate conditions for its growth. Sometimes bonsai can be kept indoors, while the majority of them require outdoor space. Ensure you have the right space for cultivating and caring for your bonsai.
Bonsai Tools
For both beginners and advanced bonsai practitioners, having the right tools is crucial for working with bonsai. Here are the essential tools you should have:
- Pruning shears – Used for trimming branches and leaves, allowing for tree shaping and caring for roots.
- Wires – Used to shape branches appropriately and help maintain the desired shape.
- Basic gardening tools – Such as trowels, small forks, or rakes, can also be useful.
Shaping Process and Patience
Shaping bonsai is a process that requires patience. Don’t expect your tree to become a perfect bonsai overnight. It often takes many years to achieve the desired effect. Therefore, it’s important to enjoy the process of caring for and shaping the tree, watching how it develops day by day. Regular pruning, fertilizing, and proper care are key to success.
Summary
Sourcing Yamadori and Prebonsai trees for bonsai is the first but very important step in this bonsai journey. Whether you choose Yamadori, shop at garden centres, or utilise local bonsai club resources, remember a few key points: choosing the right species, understanding local conditions, patience, and a willingness to learn. With these tips, you can embark on your bonsai journey and enjoy the process of creating unique, miniature trees.
Welcome to Connaught Bonsai! 🌱
I'm glad you've found your way to our space dedicated to the art of bonsai. If you have any questions about the club, our events, or workshops, or need advice on bonsai care, feel free to send a message!
I'll do my best to respond as quickly as possible.
Best regards,
Marek Zemla
Founder of Connaught Bonsai
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